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Authentic Learning
== Definition of Authentic Learning ==
In education, authentic learning is an instructional approach that allows students to explore, discuss, and meaningfully construct concepts and relationships in contexts that involve real-world problems and projects that are relevant to the learner.〔Donovan, S., Bransford, J., & Pellegrino. (1999). ''How People Learn: Bridging Research and Practice.'' Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.〕 It refers to a “wide variety of educational and instructional techniques focused on connecting what students are taught in school to real-world issues, problems, and applications. The basic idea is that students are more likely to be interested in what they are learning, more motivated to learn new concepts and skills, and better prepared to succeed in college, careers, and adulthood if what they are learning mirrors real-life contexts, equips them with practical and useful skills, and addresses topics that are relevant and applicable to their lives outside of school.”〔Authentic Learning. (n.d.) The Glossary of Education Reform. Retrieved from http://edglossary.org/authentic-learning.〕
Authentic instruction will take on a much different form than traditional teaching methods. In the traditional classroom, students take a passive role in the learning process. Knowledge is considered to be a collection of facts and procedures that are transmitted from the teacher to the student. In this view, the goal of education is to possess a large collection of these facts and procedures.〔Sawyer, K. (2006). ''The Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences.'' New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.〕 Authentic learning, on the other hand, takes a constructivist approach, in which learning is an active process. Teachers provide opportunities for students to construct their own knowledge through engaging in self-directed inquiry, problem solving, critical thinking, and reflections in real-world contexts. This knowledge construction is heavily influenced by the student’s prior knowledge and experiences, as well as by the characteristics that shape the learning environment, such as values, expectations, rewards, and sanctions. Education is more student-centered. Students no longer simply learn rote facts in abstract and artificial situations, but they experience and apply information in ways that are grounded in reality.〔Newmann, F., Marks, H., & Gamoran, A. (1995). Authentic pedagogy: Standards that boost student performance. ''Issues in Restructuring Schools,'' 8, 1-12.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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